Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental condition characterized by social, communication, and behavioural challenges. Initially identified in the early 20th century, ASD was distinctively described by Dr. Leo Kanner in 1943 and Dr. Hans Asperger in 1944. The understanding and diagnostic criteria of autism evolved over time, with the DSM-5 in 2013 consolidating various subtypes under the single diagnosis of ASD, emphasizing a spectrum of symptoms. Advances in genetic and neurological research have deepened understanding, while advocacy and support organizations have promoted awareness and acceptance. The neurodiversity movement and self-advocacy efforts highlight the strengths of individuals with autism, fostering greater societal acceptance and inclusion.
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